Curious about adopting a bonded pair of dogs? Discover the unique joy and companionship of bringing home two furry friends who share a special bond.
By Daniela Lopez
Boris Jovanovic / Stocksy Now more than ever, pets are coming into rescues in bonded pairs due to their families’ economic circumstances and lack of housing security. Dogs who are surrendered are already suffering from the bonds being broken between them and their families — breaking up dogs who have grown up together and are bonded to one another under those conditions should be avoided at all costs. So if you’re considering adopting a dog, consider adopting two: There are many advantages of adopting a bonded pair of dogs. Here’s what you need to know.
What is a bonded pair?
A bonded pair is when two dogs who share a close and special connection are available for adoption together. These dogs have formed a tight-knit bond, often due to living together or experiencing some life adventures side by side. They can offer each other comfort, companionship, and emotional support, just as all good pals do.
That’s not to say that all dogs who’ve lived together are bonded pairs. Sometimes, dogs who have been surrendered from the same household actually do better on their own (such as young littermates, dogs who don’t get along well or just need to blossom on their own).
Cross-species bonded pairs
A bonded pair can be made up of a variety of critters, including a dog and cat, a mama and her pup, an older sibling pair, and a dog and bird; you’d be amazed at the buddies that come into shelters together — the list goes on and on. Many animals actually meet and become bonded at the shelter, so giving them a chance to stay with a new friend is important, too.
What are the benefits of adopting a bonded pair?
One of the biggest benefits of adopting a bonded pair is that you’re helping them to keep a companion that would be highly traumatic for them to lose; adopting them together ensures they don’t have to go their separate ways. But there are other benefits to both you, your family, and the adopted pair.
Dog pairs are healthier: Studies actually show that animals bonded to one another live longer and healthier lives.
Built-in companionship: Yup, when you bring home a bonded pair, you’re providing these dogs with a lifelong friend who’s always up to play.
Reduced separation anxiety: These dogs are less likely to suffer from separation anxiety since they have each other for comfort and reassurance when you’re not around.
Easier transition: When you have a partner that offers you stability, that adjustment period when joining a new home can go a little more smoothly. They can lean on each other as they adapt to their new surroundings.
It’s a good thing to do: Giving soul mates the opportunity to stay together might also weigh in with some karmic benefits to boot. When shelters separate bonded pairs and adopt out one dog, the other dog tends to have a longer stay compared to other dogs at the shelter.
Is adopting a bonded pair more challenging?
If you think that having two companion animals is harder than having one, think again. Many dogs engage in destructive behaviors because of boredom or separation anxiety, so adopting a pair of pals can actually end up reducing the number of issues you may have to handle with just one dog. A built-in playmate naturally provides the stimulation and security many dogs need to reduce the potential for neurotic behaviors to develop. For pet parents who feel guilty or concerned about leaving their pet alone while at work, having a bonded pair can do a lot to alleviate those concerns.
But, that’s not to say bonded pairs don’t come with challenges, too. You’ll need to consider each dog’s unique needs and make sure they both receive proper care, training, and plenty of attention. While being with their bonded companion can help reduce stress, it’s also important that each dog gets individual bonding time with their pet parents, too. Separate walks and training sessions are a good place to start to build that one-on-one bonding.
Is adopting a bonded pair right for you?
There are a few things to consider before adopting a bonded pair:
Do you have enough room in your home for two dogs to live comfortably?
Are you prepared to provide both pups with enough exercise and mental stimulation?
Can your budget cover a bonded pair? Two dogs mean double the expenses for food, vet care, grooming, and pet sitting.
Do you have a sitter or caregiver who can watch both dogs when you’re away?
If you already have pets at home, think about how they’ll feel about the new pair.
Remember, being a pet parent is a long-term responsibility, so it’s important to ensure that your lifestyle aligns with adopting an adorable set of new pals.
Adopting bonded dogs
If you’ve decided that adopting a bonded pair is right for you, start by contacting local animal shelters and rescue organizations on Adopt a Pet, which has a “bonded pair” filter. Many likely have bonded pairs of dogs (and cats) desperately in need of loving, caring homes. You can also reach out to a shelter or rescue organization that specializes in caring for “less adoptable” pets.
Are Pit Bulls dangerous? Uncover the truth behind stereotypes and myths surrounding these misunderstood dogs
By Courtney Elliott
Rushay / Shutterstock
Despite their wiggly tails, cuddly nature, and irresistible puppy eyes, Pit Bulls have been historically labeled as dangerous dogs. But guess what? That stereotype doesn’t hold water. Studies have actually proven that these pups ace temperament tests more often than the average for all dog breeds. Pretty impressive, right?
Of course, that’s not to say that things like proper training, socialization, supervision, and all the other bits that go along with responsible pet parenting aren’t vital in ensuring your pittie is safe to be around other humans and animals. But that goes for all dogs, not just Pit Bulls.
Let’s unpack the history behind this stereotype and learn more about the true nature of these precious pups. If you’re willing to open your eyes and heart, you’ll have the honor of discovering the pure joy that is having a pittie in your family.
What are the types of Pit Bull breeds?
Interestingly enough, a Pit Bull isn’t actually a breed. Generally, five different breeds get bunched into the Pit Bull category. These include:
American Pit Bull Terrier: These fun-loving dogs are all about charm and energy. They usually tip the scales at around 30 to 65 pounds, making them a lively addition to any household. Their love for human affection is matched only by their boundless zest for play.
Staffordshire Bull Terrier (Staffy): These people-pleasing, personality-packed companions weigh in at about 24 to 38 pounds. They love affection from their humans but may prefer to be the only pup in the house.
American Staffordshire Terrier (AmStaff): If you’re into dogs that bring both strength and a heart of gold to the table, AmStaffs are the way to go. Typically weighing between 40 and 70 pounds, they adore being around people and thrive on social interaction.
American Bully: With a sturdy physique and a heart as big as their head, American Bullies are outgoing, happy, and confident. These pups can range from 65 to 85 pounds, and they’re all about the snuggles, making them perfect couch companions.
American Bulldog: American Bulldogs are like the gentle giants of the doggy world. These athletic, warm-hearted pals tip the scales between 60 to 120 pounds. With their stocky build, they’ve got a charming, rugged appearance. Known for their loyalty and protective nature, American Bulldogs make devoted family members.
In addition to these breeds, people tend to use Pit Bull as a catch-all term for mutts who have any of these breeds in their makeup — or any Pit Bull-like features, for that matter. But while they may all be categorized as a “Pit Bull,” they each come with their own unique quirks, personalities, and care requirements.
Why do some people think Pit Bulls are dangerous?
Pit Bull parents know that these big-hearted bundles of joy are just happy to love on their humans, so why did they get labeled as being dangerous? To understand the stereotype, it’s important to know the history of Pit Bulls.
Pit Bulls’ history
Pit Bulls were originally bred for bull baiting, a practice where dogs were set to attack and harass bulls and other large animals. When that was eventually outlawed in the mid-1800s, people began to pit their dogs against each other. Large bull-baiting dogs were bred with smaller terriers to create a more agile, athletic breed that would excel in dog fighting. And although dog fighting is illegal, it sadly still occurs today. The aggressive and combative traits that were once encouraged in these dogs for fighting purposes ended up fueling the idea that they’re dangerous.
Misleading bite statistics
Another reason Pit Bulls have been stereotyped as dangerous is because of previously published reports about bite statistics by dog breed. Several studies have suggested that the bite rate for Pit Bull breeds is much higher than for other breeds, but several biases in these studies make these conclusions unreliable. For one, there is likely vast overreporting of bites attributed to the breed because any dog with Pit Bull-like features is so often grouped into the same category or because of the dangerous label that’s been unfairly attached to the breed. Two, there may be significant underreporting when it comes to bites from other breeds. And three, people tend to associate Pit Bulls with irresponsible pet parents because of highly-publicized bite cases.
Breed-Specific Legislation
These stereotypes have all led to Breed-Specific Legislation (BSL) that targets Pit Bulls and other so-called “dangerous” breeds, ultimately discriminating against Pit Bull parents and their pups. Unsurprisingly, studies by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) document that BSL has had no impact on reducing the number of dog bites among communities, and that animal temperament is mainly influenced by age, sex, training, early socialization, early nutrition, health, and genetics. BSL only takes one of these factors into account and alienates entire breeds of dogs.
Other harmful Pit Bull stereotypes
In addition to being dangerous, other Pit Bull stereotypes still linger today. For one, some people think that Pit Bulls can’t peacefully coexist with other pets, like cats and smaller dogs. But the truth is that many Pit Bulls, like all dogs, make fantastic companions for animals both big and small when they’ve been properly socialized and introduced. The same goes for training. Pit Bulls have gotten a rap for being difficult to train and having a predisposition for disobedience, but with their eager-to-please nature, pitties are quite trainable when proper positive reinforcement techniques are used consistently.
Lastly, Pit Bulls are sometimes associated with criminal activity or used as status symbols in illegal activity. This further stigmatizes the breed and unfairly links these dogs to criminal behavior. And it doesn’t help that sensationalized media coverage proliferates these inequitable stereotypes with well-publicized cases of mistreatment and aggression. While any dog can potentially pose a threat when not properly cared for or trained, focusing only on Pit Bull-related incidents perpetuates fear and misunderstanding.
Reducing Pit Bulls to stereotypes doesn’t do justice to the countless loving and gentle pittie pals who are cherished family members today. Responsible Pit Bull breeders bring out their sweet nature and lessen the aggressive traits, focusing on that friendly, lovable temperament we all admire so much. And there are many sweet natured pitties in the shelters that just need a loving pet parent to help guide them. With proper training, socialization, and responsible pet parenting, Pit Bulls can be just as affectionate and loyal as any other breed.
Are Pit Bulls naturally aggressive?
While it’s true that Pit Bulls were originally bred for fighting, they are not inherently aggressive dogs. If they’re properly socialized, trained, and cared for, they have the same chance of being aggressive as any other dog. While our pittie friends have a muscular, sturdy build that people sometimes associate with danger and aggression, they’re actually extremely sweet and loving companions with a good temperament.
In fact, Pit Bulls are sometimes even called “nanny dogs” because of their wonderful temperament around children. And in the results of the largest and defined uniform temperament test performed on dogs, the Pit Bull group was the second highest performing group next to the sporting group. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) even indicates that primary responsibility for a dog’s behavior should be placed on the pet parent, not on the breed.
How to train a Pit Bull
Training a Pit Bull breed is similar to training any other dog. The secret sauce? Positive reinforcement. Shower your Pit Bull with praise, treats, and belly rubs when they nail a command – it’s like a high-five for them. And remember, practice makes perfect, so keep the training sessions consistent and frequent and start as young as possible. It’s also never a bad idea to call in the pros. A certified dog trainer or veterinary behaviorist can work wonders when it comes to properly training our canines.
Commonly Asked Questions
Can Pit Bulls be good family pets?
Yes, Pit Bulls can make great family pets. These pups are all about love and loyalty. When they receive the right care, training, and socialization, Pit Bulls can be the perfect playmates for other animals and kids alike. Their big hearts and affectionate nature make them wonderful companions to share your home and your heart with.
What should I consider before adopting a Pit Bull?
If you’re adopting a Pit Bull, you’ll first want to ensure you’ve got the time and resources to commit to training, socializing, regular vet visits, and providing them with top-notch nutrition. If you’re adopting, chat with the rescue to get the lowdown on their history so you have context for any personality traits or potential behavioral issues. At the end of the day, you’re welcoming a new family member into your home, so you want to be set up to give them the love and care they deserve.
Thinking of adopting a cat? We’ve compiled an official guide to help you navigate the adoption process.
A step-by-step guide on how to adopt a cat — from where to begin looking to what the adoption process entails to how to prepare your home for your new pet.
By Tim Barribeau
Adopting a cat, especially if they’re your first, can feel like a terrifying jump into an ocean of the unknown. How do you adopt a cat? How do I choose a cat? What do I need to have at home? What does the application process look like? What if they hate me? As overwhelming as these questions can feel, most of them can be dealt with by taking a deep breath, doing some prep, and working your way through our step-by-step breakdown of the whole process.
Haven’t adopted yet? Use the Find a Cat searchto see adoptable cats and kittens near you. If you don’t see your perfect match, sign up for Pet Alerts so new matching kitties will be emailed to you daily.
Step-by-Step Guide on How to Adopt a Cat
1. Determine what sort of cat are you able to adopt.
Quite possibly the most important part of the whole adoption process is establishing what sort of cat you want, and are able to, adopt. Are you looking for a young kitten? How about a fully grown cat? A senior? Are you able to adopt a cat with special needs who otherwise might not find a home? Are you able to adopt more than one cat at a time? Many are bonded with another cat, and even if not, will be far happier living in a situation with another cat. You never know who you’re going to meet at a shelter and fall in love with — so keep your mind open!
2. Browse local cat adoption listings.
Nose around for what cats and kittens are available in your neck of the woods. Adopt-a-Pet lets you search through tens of thousands of listings around the country and allows you to specify by breed, age, sex, and color — plus, if you don’t see the perfect match right away, you can set up an alert to let you know as soon as one matching your parameters is listed. Adopt-a-Pet works with shelters, rescues, and private individuals looking to find homes for cats — but also spend some time searching for local rescue and adoption organizations on the off chance they’re not listed on Adopt-a-Pet.
3. Arrange a visit.
How people adopt cats has changed in recent years. Covid has meant that many places can no longer allow you to just show up at their door and spend time with all the animals looking for a perfect match — but with a bit of foresight, you can still drown in a pile of kittens. Many rescue organizations and cat cafés allow you to book a time to meet their adoptable cats to find out how well they mesh with you. For as cute as a kitten seems on an online listing, sometimes it’s just not the same in person — and you might fall in love with a critter that you never expected.
4. Fill out all the paperwork.
Every adoption organization has its own paperwork requirements and fees, so before you can take the pet home you’ll need to fill it in and file it. These can vary hugely in how long and intensive they are. They’ll often ask questions about you and your household — the ages of people there, if there are any other pets, does anyone smoke, etc. Some may ask you what you’re looking for in a pet, and others may ask you to describe what sort of space you have set up for the animal (see more on that below). Most will require you to agree to registering your pet’s microchips, keeping up their medical care, and more. All of this is with the aim of making sure that the cat goes to a suitable and loving home that can meet all of their needs.
5. Buy important supplies.
Once you know for sure you’re going down the pet adoption road, make sure to stock up on all the important items you need to have at home before your cat moves in. You’ll need cat litter and a litter box — one sized for the age of your cat. A kitten will need a small litter box with low edges to climb in and out of (you can often buy disposable ones for this first stage of life), and as cats get old and can’t jump as well, you’ll want an easy entry point into the litter box. For adult cats, the rule of thumb is that a litter box should be 1.5x as long as the pet themself.
Beyond litter and a litter box, you’ll need food (again, as appropriate for the age of your potential pet), enrichment toys, a scratcher, treats, a brush, nail clippers, and somewhere comfy for them to cuddle up — though many of those can come with time.
6. Set aside a safe, dedicated space for your pet.
When you first introduce a cat to your home, chances are they’ll be anxious and scared. The best first step to making sure they’re happy is to give them a dedicated small space they can make their own and feel safe — ideally a small bathroom or guest room, if you have the space. You can put their basic supplies in there and try leaving some dirty clothes of yours in the room too, so they can get used to your scent. This gives them a place where they can explore and feel safe until they’re ready for the rest of your home — keep your eye out for a probing paw being stuck under a door as a sign that they want to see more.
7. Do a safety check around the house.
If you’ve never had a cat before, you might not be thinking of what things around the house are potentially dangerous to a new pet. While people may not think of cats as chewers the way that dogs are, they’re still pretty handy at nomming on plants and power cables. For the former, double check that your houseplants are cat safe — the ASPCA maintains a really great tool for finding this out. Some are so dangerous that even having them in the same rooms as your cat can be risky, and others might only slightly irritate their mouth if they chew on the leaves directly, so read up on what the risks are.
Cats are also especially at danger in the presence of essential oils, so be extremely careful using any of those anywhere a pet might end up.
Look around for potential places your future cat could hide or escape through. Dilara Göksel Parry, Certified Cat Behavior Consultant at Feline Minds and Cat Town Oakland’s Program Manager reminded us that cats can get through window screens. She recommends looking around your space from a cat’s point of view: “I tell people to look at their home from a cat’s perspective, low and high, to see where cats can get into that you haven’t thought about. That’s partially because they go hide in these places when they’re scared, often in the first days after adoption, and then the adopters can’t find them. They think that they’ve gotten out somehow — but they go behind your washer/dryer.”
8. Arrange any follow-up requirements.
Once you’re okayed for the adoption, you may need to plan some future requirements for your new pet. Chances are they’ll be microchipped, so you’ll need to register your cat ownership with one of the many microchip registries. Depending on your location, you may also be required to register your ownership (and potentially pay a pet license) with your city or county. You’ll want to schedule a first vet visit in the not too distant future, and the adoption agency themselves may want to organize a follow-up in a few months, just to see how things are going.
9. Bring your pet home.
Whew, you did it! You got all of the pieces together, got approved, and now you’re bringing a tiny fuzzy gremlin into your house who you’re going to love to pieces. If you’ve followed these instructions on how to adopt a cat, you should be more than ready, even if they do decide that their favorite activity is biting your big toe as hard as they can with their tiny razor kitten teeth.
Are you thinking of adopting a dog that is easy to care for? Learn more about medium dog breeds and what it takes to keep them happy.
Ivan Ozerov / Stocksy
When looking to adopt a dog, people sometimes face the Goldilocks dilemma: some are too big, some are too small, and they need one who is just right. Medium-sized dogs are the perfect compromise for many pet parents.
Just remember: all breeds, and individual dogs of those breeds, have varying personality traits, regardless of size. To make sure you’ve found the right fit for your home, read up on some amazing medium-sized dog breeds below.
What’s considered a medium-sized dog?
Kennel clubs and other organizations have different classifications for dog sizes, but general guidelines define medium-sized dogs as weighing between 26 to 50 pounds and standing around 16 to 20 inches in height at the shoulder.
Benefits of medium dogs
There are many reasons why medium-sized dogs make great pets.
Medium-sized dogs are better suited to smaller living spaces like apartments or houses without outdoor space than large dogs.
They’re more likely to have a moderate energy level that falls between smaller breeds’ high energy and larger breeds’ endurance.
Medium-sized dogs are generally easier to transport than larger breeds, fitting comfortably in vehicles, and are usually more welcome in public transportation or accommodations with size restrictions on pets.
Smaller to medium-sized dogs have longer lifespans than larger breeds, and their cost of care is often more manageable.
They usually need less food, fewer grooming products, and may have fewer health-related expenses.
Many medium-sized breeds have the temperament of companion dogs, excelling at therapy and service work.
What are the best medium-sized dogs?
Marija Kovac / Stocksy
1. Mutt
Mixed breed dogs (aka mutts) who are mixes of multiple breeds can be all different shapes and sizes, including medium. Mutts are usually less prone to illness than dogs from purebred lines, making them hardy companions with unique looks and personalities. There are also lots of mutts at rescueswaiting for their forever homes right now.
Weight: 26 to 50 pounds Height: 10 to 25 inches
Marko Cvetkovic / AdobeStock
2. English Springer Spaniel
English Springer Spaniels are smart dogs who need to be kept busy. These medium-sized dogs love being by your side and having a job in that order, so they are often used in therapy work and search and rescue. With lots of activity and company, keeping them happy is pretty easy.
Weight: 40 to 55 pounds Height: 18 to 21 inches
Irina Polonina / Stocksy
3. Pembroke Welsh Corgi
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi weighs up to 30 pounds and was originally bred as a herding dog. Their bodies are long and low to the ground, thanks to their notoriously short legs, and they have a fluffy double coat. Corgis are known for their intelligence, loyalty, and the fact that you can’t help but smile when you see them.
Weight: 27 to 30 pounds Height: 10 to 12 inches
Marc Bordons / Stocksy
4. Whippet
The Whippet weighs up to 40 pounds and is an elegant and athletic breed that resembles a Greyhound. Whippets are sighthounds, which means they hunt primarily by sight and speed, and they are certainly fast and agile — they are capable of reaching impressive speeds in short bursts.
Weight: 20 to 40 pounds Height: 17 to 20 inches
freemixer / istock
5. Brittany Spaniel
The Brittany Spaniel, a medium-sized hunting breed weighing up to 40 pounds, comes from the Brittany region of France. They’re known for their boundless energy, intelligence, and friendly nature. Brittanys typically have a dense coat that can be flat or wavy and is usually white and patterned with large and small spots. They have colorful ears that bleed into a mask of color around their eyes.
Weight: 30 to 40 pounds Height: 18 to 20 inches
Edward Córdoba / Andréas Sichel / Stocksy
6. Australian Cattle Dog
Australian Cattle Dogs, also known as “Heelers,” are high-energy working dogs that require regular exercise. These pups really enjoy being involved in family activities and being given tasks or jobs to do — this is a dog who wants to fetch the newspaper.
Weight: 30 to 40 pounds Height: 17 to 20 inches
Clem Hencher-Stevens / Shutterstock
7. Bearded Collie
The Bearded Collie is a beautiful dog from Scotland with a shaggy, waterproof coat that is most often gray and white and hangs in a long streaming mass. Weighing up to 55 pounds, these dogs are also very active and are best for households who love running, playing, hiking, and generally keeping them busy.
Weight: 40 to 65 pounds Height: 20 to 22 inches
Evelyn / Pexels
8. Shar-Pei
The Shar-Pei is known for their distinctive, wrinkled skin texture, which can be covered in a short, rough coat or a longer, softer coat. Shar-Peis have strong, independent personalities and are known to be loyal, protective, and reserved with strangers, which makes them excellent guard dogs, but affectionate and devoted to their families.
Weight: 35 to 45 pounds Height: 18 to 20 inches
Hernandez & Sorokina / Stocksy
9. Vizsla
The Vizsla‘s sleek, athletic appearance matches their remarkable hunting abilities. Originating from Hungary, the Vizsla is lean and muscular with a short, shiny, and dense coat that is a gorgeous rust-red color. Vizslas have enthusiastic and energetic personalities, a natural instinct for hunting and retrieving, and an exceptional sense of smell. As a companion, these medium-sized dogs, weighing up to 60 pounds, are affectionate and loyal and love human companionship.
Weight: 45 to 65 pounds Height: 21 to 25 inches
Lindaze / Shutterstock
10. Finnish Lapphund
The Finnish Lapphund is a sturdy dog, weighing up to 50 pounds, with a thick double coat that protects them from harsh Finnish winters. These dogs make excellent family pets and are particularly fond of children. Lapphunds are known for their patience and are generally sociable with family and strangers alike. They are smart, eager to please, and quick learners, making them easy to train.
Weight: 30 to 50 pounds Height: 16 to 21 inches
Bo Bo / Stocksy
11. Husky
The Husky is known for their striking appearance, particularly their bright blue eyes and wolf-like face. Though they look like big dogs, Huskies are actually medium-sized dogs who typically weigh between 35 and 60 pounds. They have a thick double coat that sheds a lot, so they need regular brushing.
Weight: 35 to 60 pounds Height: 18 to 24 inches
Capuski / iStock
12. Saluki
Salukis have remarkable intelligence and endurance. These fast sighthounds might even do better than Greyhounds at keeping up their pace over long distances. They have a strong prey drive, so they’re not always best for households with small pets.
Weight: 30 to 60 pounds Height: 23 to 28 inches
Eva/ AdobeStock
13. American Pit Bull Terrier
The American Pit Bull Terrier is a very misunderstood pup. These dogs weigh up to 50 pounds and are strong as heck, but their reputation for being aggressive is largely undeserved. Pit Bulls are actually very friendly and affectionate dogs when properly raised and trained.
Weight: 31 to 80 pounds Height: 18 to 22 inches
Wirestock / iStock
14. Boykin Spaniel
These dogs are highly active and thrive on physical exercise; they’re natural athletes who take well to agility, obedience, and tracking. Boykin Spaniels love companionship and are adaptable to different types of families and spaces — as long as they get their steps in.
Weight: 25 to 40 pounds Height: 14 to 18 inches
Matt Hunt / Stocksy
15. Schnauzer
Schnauzers come in several sizes: Mini, Standard, and Giant. Standard Schnauzers weigh between 30 and 45 pounds and are tough dogs with a lot of energy to spare and a sharp mental acumen, which makes them easy to train but in dire need of stimulation. They make great family pets, especially for families with kids, because they’re not aggressive and love to be engaged.
Weight: 32 to 40 pounds Height: 18 to 20 inches
Thirdman / Pexels
16. Cardigan Welsh Corgi
Despite being bigger and bulkier than the Pembroke, the medium-sized Cardigan Welsh Corgi is still a good-sized dog. They have protective instincts, making them great watchdogs — and like most watchdogs, Cardis are independent thinkers, which can make them stubborn. They respond well to training, though, and you’ll want that training if they nip at your heels in an attempt to herd you. Cardis are super energetic and need regular exercise to prevent boredom and maintain a healthy weight.
Weight: 25 to 38 pounds Height: 10 to 12 inches
Wirestock Creators / Shutterstock
17. Barbet
These loyal dogs have a curly double coat with long pieces around their face and legs that tend to get into stuff, so they need regular brushing and the occasional face wash. Though they want to be by your side, they’re okay at home for a bit with some interactive toys and the TV on. But, because they’re working dogs, they do need a moderate amount of exercise.
Weight: 30 to 62 pounds Height: 20 to 26 inches
Galaxy love design / Shutterstock
18. Keeshond
The Keeshond originally comes from the Netherlands and is descended from ancient Arctic dogs. That explains their thick, fluffy, silver-gray coats, which puff out adorably around their bodies and include distinctive black markings around their eyes and noses. Their coats need brushing but are not as prone to shedding as some other comparable fluffy dogs (except during shedding seasons in spring and fall).
Weight: 30 to 50 pounds Height: 17 to 18 inches
19. English Cocker Spaniel
The English Cocker Spaniel is a beautiful medium-sized dog with an affectionate nature, intelligence, and striking appearance. These pups weigh up to 30 pounds and have a lovely wavy coat with long soft ears. They have a reputation for loving people and getting along well with children and other pets.
Weight: 23 to 41 pounds Height: 15 to 16 inches
Lnrt / AdobeStock
20. Small Munsterlander
Small Munsterlanders are known for being gentle, tolerant, and wanting to be by your side constantly. Keep them busy with jogging, hiking, playing fetch, and other types of interactive play.
Weight: 40 to 60 pounds Height: 19 to 22 inches
Luke Mattson / Stocksy
21. Australian Shepherd
The Australian Shepherd is a solid choice for active pet parents looking for an intelligent and friendly companion. These dogs are known for their exceptional work ethic and versatility. They’re exceptionally smart and super eager to please, which makes them awesome at learning tricks and commands.
Weight: 30 to 70 pounds Height: 18 to 23 inches
Natalia Lebedinskaia / Shutterstock
22. Pharaoh Hound
While Pharaoh Hounds can be reserved around strangers, they’re incredibly loyal to their pet parents. Their athleticism shines through in activities like agility and lure coursing. Just remember, they’re not your average couch potato – these hounds thrive on exercise and mental stimulation.
Weight: 40 to 60 pounds Height: 21 to 25 inches
WatersPix / Shutterstock
23. Plott Hound
Plott Hounds, originally from North Carolina, are skilled trackers known for their strong sense of smell. They have fearless and determined personalities, making them excellent for tasks like search and rescue. They are loyal to their pet parents and enjoy spending time together.
Weight: 40 to 60 pounds Height: 20 to 25 inches
Breno Cardoso / Pexels
24. Border Collie
Border Collies are genius herders from the borderlands who are always ready for action. They’re workaholics, acing everything from herding to agility. With endless energy and sharp smarts, they’re born for dog sports. Make sure to keep them busy.
Weight: 18 to 21 pounds
Jan Kopczyński / Pexels
25. Australian Kelpie
With Kelpies, it’s all about action and adventure. Keep them engaged both mentally and physically, and you’ll have a happy pup on your hands. These pups thrive with a job and do well in agility, obedience training, and more.
Weight: 30 to 45 pounds Height: 17 to 20 inches
Jen Grantham / Stocksy
26. Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier
These terriers are friendly and affectionate with their families and tend to get along well with kids and other pets. However, their terrier instincts mean Soft-Coated Wheaten Terriers can be a bit feisty at times. Their lovely coat also requires regular grooming.
Weight: 35 to 45 pounds Height: 18 to 19 inches
Arina Dmitrieva / Pexels
27. Samoyed
Samoyeds are known not only for their fluffy white coats and distinctive smiles but also for their friendly and gentle demeanors. Samoyeds are loyal and sociable, making them great family pets, as long as they get plenty of exercise.
Weight: 35 to 65 pounds Height: 18 to 22 inches
Lynda / AdobeStock
28. Portuguese Water Dog
With their curly or wavy coats, Portuguese Water Dogs are considered hypoallergenic, which is a win for allergy sufferers. These dogs are known for being loyal and loving companions, often forming strong bonds with their families.
Weight: 30 to 60 pounds Height: 15 to 22 inches
PavelRodimov / iStock
29. Finnish Spitz
Finnish Spitz originate from Finland and are known for their fox-like appearance. With a lively and alert nature, they make excellent watchdogs. They’re independent thinkers, which can make training a bit challenging, but they do well with regular exercise.
Weight: 20 to 35 pounds Height: 15 to 20 inches
Milles Studio / Stocksy
30. Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
Originally bred for hunting, Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers are skilled swimmers and fetchers. Their gorgeous red coats make them stand out, and their affectionate nature makes them great family pets. They’re intelligent and eager to learn, excelling in activities like agility and obedience. Regular exercise and mental challenges keep these pups happy.
Weight: 37 to 50 pounds Height: 17 to 21 inches
FAQs (People Also Ask):
What is the calmest medium-sized dog?
One of the calmest medium-sized dogs is the Basset Hound. These pups are known for their droopy ears and soulful eyes, and are famous for their laid-back attitude.
What are some low-maintenance medium-sized dog breeds?
Thinking about fostering a dog? Read more to learn about the fostering process and what to expect.
By Savannah Admire
Shava Cueva / Stocksy
Deciding to foster a dog, which involves temporarily taking care of a dog from a shelter or rescue organization, is a huge commitment, but it can make a major difference in the life of not just the dog you take into your home but also other animals in the shelter. Fostering helps prepare dogs for life with their forever family and frees up space for the organization to take in and care for more animals, saving lives one pet at a time.
Fostering can last a few days, weeks, or even months, and foster dogs come from all walks of life — they may have been abandoned, surrendered, or rescued from a neglectful situation. Fostering is a chance to give a dog a loving home and help them prepare for adoption. It can also be a rewarding experience for you and your family.
If you’ve never fostered before, stepping into this world can be daunting. Read our breakdown to learn how to foster a dog and how you can make an impact in your community.
What is dog fostering?
So, what does it mean to foster a dog? Fostering involves bringing a dog from a shelter or rescue into your home and giving them care and love for a set amount of time or until the dog is adopted.
Many shelters have foster programs to give dogs more individual attention and help them become accustomed to living in a home with people and sometimes other animals. Some rescue organizations, known as “foster-based” rescue groups, don’t even have a designated facility and instead rely entirely on foster homes to shelter and care for their adoptable pets.
Shelters and rescues invest in foster care for dogs for a wide variety of reasons, such as overcrowding in the shelter or giving timid dogs the time and space they need to feel comfortable. Maybe the organization wants to learn more about a dog’s personality, which is much easier in a home setting, or maybe a puppy needs to learn how to behave properly before adoption. Some foster families even care for dogs healing from injury or recovering from an illness.
What is the process of fostering?
If you’re interested in fostering a dog, the process is relatively simple. Reach out to a local rescue group or shelter and tell them you would like to foster a dog. Most organizations desperately need fosters and will be happy for the help. The shelter will work with you to find a dog that fits with your lifestyle.
But how does fostering a dog work? As a dog foster parent, your main job will be providing a safe and loving home for the dog, however long you need to. That means ensuring your temporary pet has all the food, water, affection, exercise, and socialization they need to stay happy and healthy. Shelter workers may also ask you to bring the dog to adoption events, work on obedience training, and report on the dog’s behavior and personality to the shelter.
Why should you consider fostering a dog?
When you take a dog into your home, you’re freeing up space and resources for the shelter to take in another dog in need, all while helping shelter staff learn more about your foster dog’s genuine personality.
“Housing dogs in private homes makes for happy, well-adjusted animals who make an easier transition into an adoptive home than they would coming straight out of a facility,” Eileen Bouressa, executive director of the Animal Compassion Network, says.
If you already have a dog, a foster dog can offer some canine companionship, which can, in turn, help socialize your foster dog, preparing them for life in a forever home with other dogs. Fostering also helps dogs become more accustomed to human interaction and lets you learn a little more about how to care for a dog. And don’t discount those warm feelings you get just from the company of a dog and from doing meaningful volunteer work.
What are the benefits of fostering a dog?
While fostering can be challenging, it comes with numerous benefits — for the dog, other animals in the shelter, the dog’s future family, and your community. The advantages of fostering a dog make for a long list, including:
Help a rescue dog become more adoptable and feel comfortable in a home environment
Enjoy the rewarding feeling of helping an animal in need and saving a life
Try out dog parenthood before adopting a dog yourself
Open up space for the shelter to rescue more dogs
Reduce the population of homeless dogs in your community
Fostering is much-needed volunteer work, but it can be overwhelming to think of purchasing all the supplies a dog requires. How much does it cost to foster a dog?
Fortunately for potential dog foster parents, the rescue group or shelter provides most, if not all, of the supplies your foster dog will need, such as food, leashes, a crate, and even veterinary care. The shelter is your partner in fostering, and the staff will be there to help you out and answer any questions you may have — which is incredibly important for first-time dog foster parents.
While fostering may not cost much monetarily, it will likely take an emotional toll. Saying goodbye to a dog can be hard, especially after spending weeks or even months seeing them every day. But it’s all worth it.
“You’ll love every dog that comes through your door and may get emotional when they’re finally adopted,” Krista Almqvist, executive director at Badass Animal Rescue, says. “It’s important to recognize how critical of a role you play in the dog’s journey to become adoptable and get a second chance at a new beginning.”
FAQs (People Also Ask):
Is there an age requirement for fostering?
Each shelter or rescue group has its own rules in place for fostering, but generally, foster parents should be at least 18 years old.
How long does fostering usually last?
The length of a dog’s stay can vary depending on their needs. On average, most dogs are fostered for about two months, but they can stay longer, especially if they’re recovering from an illness or injury.
Can I adopt the foster dog if I become attached?
It’s not uncommon for foster dog parents to “foster fail” or adopt their foster dog. Fostering can be a great way to test the waters of pet parenthood while still supporting your local shelter or rescue organization.
Savannah Admire is a writer, editor, and pet parent to two dogs and a cat. When she’s not writing, you can find her reading, playing Animal Crossing, or being an obnoxious nerd about her favorite movies and TV shows. She lives in Maryland, where she constantly debates whether or not to get a third dog.
Interested in adopting a therapy dog? Read more to learn about the adoption process and what to expect.
By Savannah Admire
Jimena Roquero / Stocksy
If you’ve spent much time with a dog, you likely already know how soothing their presence can be. Research has shown that animals can have a therapeutic effect on people who are stressed, anxious, or suffering from conditions like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Therapy dogs are dogs who are trained to provide comfort and support to people in need and have become common volunteer workers in hospitals, nursing homes, schools, care facilities, and even disaster areas.
If you are a good fit for a therapy dog and are willing to make the commitment, then adopting a therapy dog or training your dog to provide care and comfort to people who most need it can be a very rewarding experience. Learn all about therapy dog requirements — including that they must be up-to-date on their vaccinations and have a clean bill of health — and how to get a therapy dog of your own.
What is a therapy dog?
Therapy dogs work in a variety of facilities to help people deal with stress, trauma, depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. While these canines don’t go through the strict training required for service dogs, they still need to possess a calm temperament and respond well to commands from their human handler.
Unlike service dogs and emotional support animals, which are assigned to a specific individual, therapy dogs can provide emotional support to anyone. They often visit locations on a volunteer basis to offer a soft head to pet and some understanding snuggles. You may have seen a therapy dog visiting a retirement home or hospital, but they also offer relief to stressed-out students in colleges, universities, and elementary schools and may even support athletes at sporting events and competitions.
“There can be a lot of pressure that athletes put on themselves, so just to be able to see that friendly face and pet a dog, it’s great therapy for anyone,” Tracey Callahan Molnar, therapy dog handler and part of USA Gymnastics’ new pet therapy program, says.
How to adopt a therapy dog
Step 1: Adopt
If you want to start the adoption process for a therapy dog, the best place to begin is by searching online dog adoption listings or visiting your local shelters and rescue organizations. Unlike service dogs, you don’t have to worry about how to apply for a therapy dog. You’re just looking for a dog with the right temperament to be a therapy dog, which depends less on the breed and more on the canine’s individual personality.
Spend some time visiting potential therapy dogs at your local shelter, playing with them, and observing their behavior. While an overly energetic dog may be a bit too rough to work with patients, a calm and friendly pup could make for the perfect therapy dog. If you feel happier spending time with a dog, there’s a good chance that they can cheer up others, too.
Step 2: Train
The sooner you can start training a future therapy dog, the better. But how are therapy dogs trained? You can purchase online training courses, but you will likely still want to consult a professional dog trainer to learn the best methods and practices. The goal of training is to make sure your dog demonstrates positive behaviors, like patience with strangers, and avoids negative ones, like jumping and barking excessively.
If you feel overwhelmed trying to handle training on your own, consider enrolling your dog in training group classes or working one-on-one with a professional trainer specializing in therapy dogs.
Step 3: Register
Once you feel your dog is ready to volunteer as a therapy dog, register your pet with a reputable organization. You will need to gather documentation from your veterinarian showing that your dog is healthy and up to date on all vaccinations.
There are a number of therapy dog organizations in the U.S., and you can find recommendations on the American Kennel Club (AKC) website. In most cases, your dog will have to pass a certification test, which is your opportunity to demonstrate that they have all the right qualities for therapy work. If your dog doesn’t pass, the organization will likely ask you to continue training until they meet the requirements.
Requirements for a therapy dog
Each therapy dog certification board has its own specific requirements in place, but in general, your dog should meet the following conditions to be certified:
Be at least one year old
Have a current rabies vaccination
Have a clean bill of health from a vet within the last 12 months
Be up to date on all core vaccinations
Respond to and obey commands
The AKC also recommends that a therapy dog pass the Canine Good Citizen (CGC) test before registration. This test focuses on ten core behaviors that your dog should be able to perform:
Accept the approach of a friendly stranger
Sit politely for petting
Allow someone to touch and examine their ears and front feet
Walk on a loose lead
Walk through a crowd of people
Sit and lie down on command and stay in place
Come when called
React appropriately and calmly to another dog
React calmly to any distractions
Supervised separation (show no anxiety when left with another person)
Qualities that a therapy dog should have
Before you worry about passing an exam for registration, make sure your pet has all the qualifications for a therapy dog. In addition to having a calm temperament, your dog should also be gentle and respond quickly to commands. Dogs who are overly energetic or easily startled don’t make for good therapy dogs, nor do dogs who become anxious around strangers or large groups of people.
Here are a few more qualities to look for in a potential therapy dog:
They enjoy being touched and petted
They’re outgoing and friendly
They don’t shed excessively (you don’t want to give clinic staff a mess to clean up)
They don’t react aggressively to mishandling
They’re able to adapt to their environment
Cost of a therapy dog
How much is a therapy dog? In addition to the adoption fee, the cost can vary widely depending on how you plan to train your dog. If you work with a professional trainer, you can expect to spend a significant amount on classes, whereas if you choose to train a dog yourself, all you really have to worry about is the cost of an adoption fee and dog supplies.
You can even purchase a fully-trained therapy dog, but this route can cost anywhere from $1,000 to $5,000. Research trained therapy dogs for adoption, or talk to your vet about finding a fully-trained therapy dog.
FAQs (People Also Ask):
Can I adopt a dog and train them for therapy work myself?
Therapy dog training is accessible online, and many pet parents train their dogs on their own. Doing so can help you and your dog form a stronger bond, which is essential in therapy settings.
Can any breed become a therapy dog?
If a dog has the proper temperament, they can be trained to be a therapy dog. Many rescue dogs are excellent comforters for those in need of animal-assisted therapy.
Are there age restrictions for therapy dogs?
Your dog cannot be registered as a therapy dog until they’re at least one year old, but there is no age limit on therapy dogs. In fact, senior dogs often have the ideal calm temperament for therapy dogs.
Savannah Admire is a writer, editor, and pet parent to two dogs and a cat. When she’s not writing, you can find her reading, playing Animal Crossing, or being an obnoxious nerd about her favorite movies and TV shows. She lives in Maryland, where she constantly debates whether or not to get a third dog.
Learn about rescue dog transport—a vital process relocating adoptable pets from overcrowded shelters to areas where they’re eagerly welcomed.
By Savannah Admire
Alvaro Lavin / Stocksy
Pet adoption transport is the process of moving adoptable pets from shelters in areas with high pet overpopulation to sites with a demand for pets. This process allows overpopulated shelters in other regions of the country, such as the South and Midwest, to send adoptable animals to shelters with a high demand for — and low supply of — pets. Pet adoption transport organizations provide transportation by air, ground, or rail and offer food and medical care for pets during transport. Pet transport ultimately ensures that as many animals find forever homes as possible.
Why is pet adoption transport important?
Shelters and rescue organizations that take advantage of pet express transport services can ensure that animals have the best chance for adoption. By transporting animals in need to other parts of the country for rescue, overpopulated shelters can help reduce the number of at-risk animals in their facilities. This, in turn, allows these organizations to direct more resources to the pets still in their shelter.
On the flip side, rescues that receive transported adoptable animals can increase the variety of pets available for potential adopters and encourage visitors to their facilities by promoting their expanded animal availability. With more pets and visitor traffic, these organizations can also draw in more resources, allowing them to make a bigger impact on their community and serve more people and animals.
Most importantly, pet adoption transport reduces the risk of euthanasia due to shelter overpopulation and limited resources, saving lives and helping adoptable pets find much-needed homes.
How does pet adoption transport work?
Rescue and shelter volunteers often play a significant role in transporting pets across state lines to other organizations — and the animals’ future homes. How to move pets across the country varies depending on the program, but the process usually involves driving animals to another shelter in a vehicle designed for this purpose, with properly spaced and secured kennels. In some cases, pets may also travel via air if the funds are available. If you’ve ever researched how to fly a dog across the country, you know how challenging the logistics can be.
Before any animal is transported to a new location, they should be thoroughly screened for any infectious diseases or aggressive behavior to limit the possibility of spreading illness or causing injury to themselves or other animals in the vehicle.
What are the types of pet adoption transport?
There are several types of pet adoption transport, but the most common is shelter-to-shelter relocation. Rescue organizations with overcrowded facilities communicate with shelters with a high demand for adoptable animals and organize pet transport to free up space and help more pets find loving homes.
Individual volunteers or grassroots organizations may organize more informal pet adoption transport. These people may not be specifically associated with any shelter but help to transport pets, some of whom may already have adoptive families waiting for them in another location. Ideally, these individuals know how to transport a dog across the country safely and bring them to their new family.
If you’re interested in relocating a pet, be wary of commercial pet adoption transport operations. Some individuals offer to transport pets for adoption solely for profit, so make sure to research any pet transport service and go through a legitimate shelter or rescue organization whenever possible.
How much do pet transport services cost?
In most cases, the pet transport service price is covered by the shelter or rescue organization that plans the transport. The rescue may even add the cost of transportation to the adoption fee to help cover costs and ensure that they can continue to care for animals in need. If you plan to adopt a pet who will have to be transported to your location, clarify with the shelter or rescue whether you need to pay for transport.
What should you consider when choosing a pet adoption transport service?
While transporting pets for adoption can be a life-saving endeavor, it’s important that the animals are moved safely and that their needs are met as they’re transported. If you decide to adopt a pet that must be transported to your location, make sure to ask about:
How often pets will be examined for signs of stress or sickness (every two to four hours is best practice)
How pets will be housed while in the vehicle
Whether pets have plenty of space to be comfortable — they should be able to stand up, turn around, and lie down
The established process for emergencies during transport
The best way to transport a pet across the country is to ensure they are comfortable and have regular breaks to go outside, stretch their legs, and access water. Before finalizing a pet adoption that requires transport, don’t hesitate to ask plenty of questions to make sure your new pet will be safe, secure, and cared for throughout their journey to you.
FAQs (People Also Ask):
Who is involved in pet adoption transport?
Shelters or rescues usually organize pet adoption transport, and will sometimes call on their volunteers to help move animals to other states where they can be adopted.
Are there risks associated with pet adoption transport?
Traveling can be stressful, making animals more vulnerable to illness or infection (there is a risk of spreading infectious diseases) or heightening behavioral issues.
Is pet adoption transport regulated?
Pet adoption transport is not regulated, so it’s critical that organizers ensure that animals are properly secured and monitored throughout their journey.
Can I adopt a pet through pet adoption transport?
When you apply to adopt online, the pet may be in another state and must be transported to you. The shelter or rescue organization may include the pet transport cost in your adoption fee, or you may have to pay an additional fee to cover it.
Savannah Admire is a writer, editor, and pet parent to two dogs and a cat. When she’s not writing, you can find her reading, playing Animal Crossing, or being an obnoxious nerd about her favorite movies and TV shows. She lives in Maryland, where she constantly debates whether or not to get a third dog.
Thinking about fostering a pet? Read more to learn about the fostering process and benefits of fostering.
By Julie Zeilinger
Gabi Bucataru / Stocksy
There has never been a better time to consider fostering an animal: Animal shelters across the country are at capacity to overflowing and understaffed. Fostering, or temporarily taking care of an animal in need, not only provides animals with safe homes and the attention and love they need to be more adoptable until they find their forever homes, but also frees up space in already crowded shelters.
There are a number of reasons why people may hesitate to foster, but there are a lot of great reasons to foster as well. Here are just a few.
1. Fostering helps you know if you’re ready to adopt.
If you’re not sure if you’re ready to commit to being a pet parent forever, fostering offers an opportunity to get to know what it’s like to have different kinds of pets.
When choosing which animal to foster, however, it’s important to consider which kind of pet is best suited to you and your home, and factors such as the time you have available to care for a pet and the size of your home should all play a part in that decision.
2. Fostering a pet is a short-term commitment with lifelong rewards.
If you’re an animal lover but don’t have the time to devote to having a pet for their entire life, fostering is a great short-term way to help animals in need. Shelters and rescue organizations are always looking for people willing to open their homes to pets, and getting a pet ready for adoption — especially those that may have been stuck at shelters for a long time — by giving your love, time, and friendship is incredibly rewarding.
3. Fostering is endlessly entertaining.
You’ll never be bored with a pet in your home. There is always something to do with your foster, from cuddling to playing fetch to everything in between.
4. Fostering can help you find a community.
Fostering is a great way to meet new people who care about animals. For example, many rescue organizations have events, such as those devoted to promoting pet adoption, where fosters can meet each other and the wider rescue community.
5. Fostering saves lives.
Opening your heart and home is an important part of saving a life; each year, approximately 920,000 shelter animals are euthanized, according to the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA). Fostering a pet is one of the most direct ways you can help an animal and save them from this fate.
6. Fostering can be tax-deductible.
Fostering-related expenses may be tax-deductible; ask your tax professional for advice. Depending on the shelter or organization you foster through, however, you may not have many expenses at all — most cover medical expenses for foster pets and many others are able to provide food and other supplies.
7. Fostering provides relief for shelter staff.
Animal shelters across the country are at capacity to overflowing and understaffed. Fostering not only helps shelters’ capacity but also allows already overworked shelter staff the ability to focus on one less pet — which helps them better take care of the pets already in their care.
8. Fostering is an educational opportunity.
Fostering can be a great learning experience as you’ll likely learn a lot about caring for different kinds of animals and their various challenges. For example, you may learn about an animal’s physical needs, such as dietary restrictions or medical conditions, or behavioral needs, including helping them by training them.
Fostering a pet can also teach children in your family invaluable lessons about responsibility, empathy, and caretaking.
9. Increased adoption rates.
Research shows that fostering pets can help get them successfully adopted. For example, one study found that dogs who were fostered were less likely to be returned to shelters and benefited from being exposed to potential adopters out in the world at places like parks and restaurants. Even brief visits in foster homes can also help lower dogs’ stress, which can help them connect with potential adopters.
FAQs (People Also Ask):
Is animal fostering only for cats and dogs?
Cats and dogs are probably the most commonly fostered pets, but many organizations and shelters have other animals that need foster homes, including rabbits, birds, and even farm animals.
How does fostering benefit shelters and rescues?
Fostering benefits shelters and rescues by creating capacity for them to save more pets. Animal shelters across the country are at capacity to overflowing and understaffed. Fostering not only helps shelters’ capacity but also allows already overworked shelter staff the ability to focus on one less pet — which helps them better take care of the pets already in their care.
How long do animals usually stay in foster care?
The length of time animals stay in foster care depends on a number of factors, including the pet’s age and/or breed, the level of demand in the area, the pet’s health, and more. Some fosters only have their pets for a few days, while others have them for months.
Can I adopt the animal I’m fostering?
Many shelters and rescue organizations allow fosters to adopt the pet they’ve been fostering. There’s even a term for this: “Foster failure.” Of course, foster “failure” is hardly a failure since the goal is for the pet to be adopted. Some shelters and rescues even have “foster-to-adopt” programs.
Are you bringing home a new kitten? Learn how to introduce a kitten to older cats and prevent territorial behavior.
Ivan Ozerov / Stocksy
If you’re a cat parent who is considering bringing a new kitten into the home, or if you’ve already adopted one, you’re likely wondering how best to introduce your resident cat to their new family member. Introducing a new kitten to a resident cat can be challenging, and, depending on the cats’ ages and personalities, it may take days or months to do so successfully. However, it’s important to introduce cats slowly and carefully to prevent aggression or fighting.
Below are some guidelines and helpful tips to get your new feline family members off to a good start and hopefully on their way to becoming best buddies for the rest of their lives.
How to choose a new kitten to bring home
If you have yet to adopt a new kitten, keep in mind that most cat experts recommend introducing a new cat who matches the resident cat’s energy level, size, and personality. Bringing home a kitten if you have a senior or low-key adult cat can be like asking a grandparent to babysit a toddler 24/7: The kitten will be sad not having a playmate, and the older cat will be stressed by the kitten asking to play constantly.
In fact, kittens are much happier in pairs, so if you’re set on adopting a kitten, consider adopting two. It may seem overwhelming, but it could actually be the best solution for everyone, as the kittens will play with each other and leave your adult cat to do their own thing. Adopting two kittens will also help them avoid Single Kitten Syndrome.
Some cat experts also believe that gender plays a small role in how two cats will get along and suggest two males or a male/female match work best. Neutering and spaying all cats, ideally two to four weeks before the introduction, is also essential so they are fully recovered.
No matter which new kitten or cat you bring home, though, it’s important to follow the steps below to successfully introduce them to your resident cat.
How to introduce a new cat to your cat
Step One: Isolation
Confine the new cat to one room with a litter box, food, water, and a bed. Feed your current cat(s) and the newcomer on either side of the door to this room. Don’t put the food so close to the door that the cats are too upset by each other to eat. This will help to start things out on the right foot by associating something enjoyable (eating) with each others’ presence. Gradually move the dishes closer to the door until the cats can eat calmly directly on either side.
You can also consider using the crate method, which essentially replaces a separate room with a very large crate, which is especially helpful if you live in a space that does not have an adequate separate room.
If you have adopted the new cat from an environment where they could have been exposed to illnesses, such as a shelter or the street, follow your vet’s recommendations for the duration of this isolation. Often your vet will test for FeLV and FIV and then recommend isolation for seven to 10 days. That may seem like a long time, but it will not only keep your resident cat healthy but also give your new cat a chance to get adjusted to their environment’s sounds and smells, improving the chances that the first face-to-face introduction with your resident cat(s) will go well.
Step Two: Scent / sign intro
After your new cat’s isolation period is over, and you’re sure your new cat is healthy, you can take the following steps. Advance to the next step only after all cats are okay with each other during each step.
Switch sleeping blankets between the new cat and resident cat(s) so they can become accustomed to each other’s scent. Also, put the scented blankets underneath the food dishes.
Use two doorstops to prop open the door just enough to allow the cats to see each other but not get out and repeat the feeding process.
Put the new cat in a secure cat carrier, and open the door so the resident cat can come in and sniff around the new cat’s room while the cat is in the carrier.
Confine resident cats in another room and let the new cat explore the rest of the house. This switch also allows the cats to experience each other’s scent without a face-to-face meeting. It also allows the newcomer to become familiar with their new surroundings without being frightened by other animals.
Step Three: First meeting
Open the isolation room door, let your resident cat enter, and calmly observe. Playing calming music or talking in a calm, friendly voice to the cats may help you feel less stressed, which will help the cats, too. If your cats like treats, give them lots of treats along with verbal praise. Some cats do best if distracted with their favorite toys, so they are not focusing too intently on each other.
When the cats are together, keep an eye out for the following warning signs:
Hissing, puffy tails, and growling: A little bit of this behavior is normal but should be minimal if you have taken the time to follow the steps above. Don’t give your cats the opportunity to intensify; you are trying to avoid the cats associating each other’s presence with fearful or aggressive behavior. A bad first impression can be difficult to change.
Fearful or aggressive reactions: If either cat escalates their behavior to constant hissing or growling, or if there is any stalking (like they are hunting prey), cornering, swatting, or big posturing displays of arched backs and fur puffed out, separate the cats back into their own spaces immediately. If it was just a hissing match, wait a few hours and try another face-to-face meeting for a few minutes. If the aggression seemed serious, you may have to take a step or two back in the introduction process.
If the meeting is going well, let the cats spend up to 10 minutes together (although less time is fine, too). Then separate them back into their own spaces. Letting them stay if it is going well can be tempting, but it is much better not to push it and have the first meeting end badly.
Laura Stolfi / Stocksy
How can I prevent aggressive behavior during introductions?
The above process of slowly introducing your resident cat to a new cat will do a lot to help reduce aggression. When you reach the step of a face-to-face introduction, you may want to have a water squirt bottle in one hand and a blanket in the other in case you need to intervene in a sudden attack. Supervise their interactions closely at all times, and be patient. It may take some time for the two cats to become friends, but most cats can learn to live together peacefully with time and patience.
Step Four: Slowly increase time together
If your cats successfully spend up to 10 minutes together, you can increase their time together. For example, your sessions might increase to two sessions of 10 minutes each on day two.
Continue to observe your cats vigilantly, however, because sometimes a meeting will seem to be going well, and then there’s a spat. If a small spat occurs between the cats, do not attempt to physically intervene; cats can make lots of noise and roll around quite dramatically without either cat being injured. Instead, use a spray bottle to squirt water on the cats to separate them. If that doesn’t do it, try tossing a blanket over one of them and quickly corralling the other cat out of the room. Give them both a chance to calm down for a day or more before re-introducing them to each other.
When can I consider the introduction process successful?
You can consider the introduction process successful when you observe signs showing that the cats are getting along, such as greeting each other by sniffing or touching noses, headbutting or rubbing against each other, grooming each other, and, of course, snuggling and sleeping together.
More new cat tips
Once you’ve made it through the introduction process, there are still some things you can do to ensure your cats continue to get along, including:
Keep the second litter box in the isolation room even after the cats are out together. Make sure that none of the cats are being “ambushed” by another while trying to use the litter box.
If you want to move the second litter box, do so gradually, a few feet at a time, to the new location.
Clean all litter boxes more frequently.
Increase the amount of playtime and exercise both cats are getting to help expend their energy and keep them calm.
Keep the resident cat’s schedule as close as possible to what it was before the newcomer’s appearance.
Try using calming products to help de-stress cats who exhibit signs of stress.
FAQs (People Also Ask):
How long should I wait to introduce my cat to a new kitten?
Depending on the cats’ ages and personalities, it may take days or months to introduce a new kitten to a resident cat. Follow the above steps for a slow introduction.
What if the cats still aren’t getting along after extended efforts?
Consult a veterinarian and/or a certified cat behaviorist. If the issue truly cannot be resolved, you might consider rehoming your cat via Rehome by Adopt a Pet.
What are the warning signs when introducing cats?
Warning signs when introducing cats include hissing, puffy tails, and growling. A little of this behavior is okay, but if it escalates to constant hissing or growling, or if there is any stalking (like they are hunting prey), cornering, swatting, or big posturing displays of arched backs and fur puffed out, the cats should be separated.
Considering renting with pets? Read more to learn about renter policies and how to navigate them.
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One of the top reasons shelters are given by those who surrender their pets is that they are moving to a place that does not allow pets or due to a landlord’s pet restrictions. It’s true that finding a rental apartment or house when you have pets can take extra time, patience, flexibility, and effort, but isn’t keeping your pets worth it?
With some extra knowledge about how to find a pet-friendly rental or negotiate with your landlord, there’s no reason you can’t find a suitable place to live and keep your pet by your side. Here are some tips for finding your ideal pet-friendly rental so you and your furry family can stay together.
Plan ahead
While sometimes life catches us by surprise with a sudden relocation, the more time you have to plan, the more likely you’ll be able to find your ideal pet-friendly rental. Pet-friendly rentals are often in high demand, so it is important to start your search early.
You can also plan ahead in more unconventional ways — for example, by training your pet or passing the Canine Good Citizen test. You’ll put both you and your pet in a position for success with your new landlord and any other tenants if you’re confident that they will be respectful of others (including not jumping on new people) and have a handle on any behavior that may cause them to be loud (such as separation anxiety). A letter of reference from previous landlords regarding your pet’s good behavior and preparing a pet resume can help too.
How to find a pet-friendly apartment
Before you begin your search for a pet-friendly apartment, you should be aware that you may have to be willing to live in a less desirable location if you want to rent a pet-friendly rental. Also, be aware that most leases have pet restrictions, so even if you find an apartment that doesn’t mention a ban on pets in its listing description, it is important to read the lease carefully before signing it.
That said, even if a lease does not allow pets, you may be able to work with the landlord to get an exception. There are also many great pet-friendly apartments out there — you just need to put in the work to find them.
Local animal shelters, humane societies, and rescues: Some organizations maintain printed or online listings of pet-friendly landlords, buildings, or even post pet-friendly vacancies on old-fashioned pushpin bulletin boards.
Local businesses: You can look for rental listings in real estate offices and community centers, as well as your local vet’s office, pet boarding facilities, and pet supply stores.
Rental listing websites: Many rental listing websites allow you to search for listings that allow dogs, cats, or both, such as Peoplewithpets.com. Other traditional rental search websites, such as Zillow.com and Trulia.com, have filters for pet-friendly listings. Even if a site doesn’t have a specific filter, however, you can search listings by keywords such as “pet,” “dog,” or “cat” in the search box to find listings that may include phrases such as “dogs ok” or “small pet allowed” in the listing description.
Craigslist: For metropolitan markets (and, increasingly, many rural communities), Craigslist.org is the most well-known (and free) site for listing rentals and may offer more untraditional arrangements (like sublets) that could work well for you and your pet.
What is a pet-friendly lease agreement?
You may find that your lease includes a pet agreement, also known as a pet addendum. This agreement is a document that legally establishes that the landlord is allowing the tenant (in this case, you) to have a pet in their apartment. The agreement, however, usually comes with rules that the tenant must follow, including assuming responsibility for the pet and any damages that they may cause to the property.
Research rental pet agreements
Before you sign a rental pet agreement, make sure to do some research to make sure the agreement you’re signing is reasonable and that you can meet all of its requirements. Pet agreements are legally binding documents, after all.
Sample pet agreements
Most pet agreements are straightforward and reasonable. Take, for instance, this sample pet agreement from California, which requires that tenants essentially take care of and clean up after their pet, do all they can to keep them from being unnecessarily noisy or otherwise disturbing to neighboring tenants, and agree to pay for any damage their pets cause the property.
Research rental pet insurance
When renting with a pet, you may also want to research rental insurance that includes pet liability coverage. Policies vary, but some renter’s insurance policies can cover the costs of fixing damage your pet causes to the property (for example, chewed door frames) and can also help pay for medical expenses if your pet injures a guest in your home.
FAQs (People Also Ask):
Are there any restrictions on the types of pets I can have?
Restrictions will vary from property to property (and landlord to landlord), but it’s not uncommon for some to ban specific breeds considered dangerous (whether that’s true or not). For example, Pit Bulls are often banned because of their (largely unfair) reputation for being dangerous.
What if I want to adopt a pet after moving in?
If your apartment is pet-friendly, you should let your landlord know you are adopting a pet. Even if they allow pets, they may impose a fee or require you to send a pet agreement. If your apartment is not pet-friendly, you may try to convince your landlord to allow you to adopt a particular pet. Ultimately, however, you may have to move to a pet-friendly property.
Can my landlord make me get rid of my pet if it becomes a problem?
Your landlord can’t make you get rid of your dog without going through the proper legal channels. Laws and regulations vary based on where you live and other factors but make sure you know your rights if faced with a threat from your landlord.
